How to Make Cow Dung Available in Agriculture

In recent years, with the scale and intensive development of cow breeding industry, environmental pollution caused by mass cow dung has been increasingly emerging. With over 12 million cows, the daily excretion volume of cow dung can reach up to 0.2-0.3 million tons, especially for large-scale dairy cattle farm, if shortage of efficient processing means, there would be lots of cow dung stacking that would easily lead to heavy pollution to soil, source of water and air. What’s worse, mass stacking can also occupy the limited field region for dairy farm, affecting its normal order of production. Therefore, along with the promotion of requirements to environmental protection, it is very necessary and important to figure out the comprehensive utilization of cow dung.

Cow Dung Compost Making Technology & Machine

With various plant nutritional ingredient(like nitrogen, phosphorus, humus and so on), cattle manure is a valuable resource after the processing of composting fermentation, deodorization and sterilization, processed into high quality and efficiency compost fertilizer/organic manure for cropland. Among the above livestock droppings, cattle dung has close texture and high water content, but it has bad vent ability and slow composting, which needs strictly control each index of compost.

Composting method choose: There are three major composting making technologies for feces of livestock and poultry, including windows composting, slot type composting and cabin composting. When choosing composting method, it is necessary to consider investment cost, composting efficiency, occupying area, operating expense, composting product quality, easy operation, easy maintenance, composting scale, composting environment and so forth, so as to adopt the most suitable composting technology for poultry manure and environment condition.
Composting fermentation conditions:Composting fermentation conditions

What need to be noticed in cow dung fermentation process:

Adjustment & control of fermentation conditions:

Moisture control: Composting quality and efficiency is directly affected by materials water content whose main function is to dissolve organic matter and participate in the metabolism of microorganism and the adjustment of composting temperature. In general, just controlling the beginning water content at 50% – 60% can ensure the composting to go with a swing. When lower than forty percent, microorganism metabolism would be prevented, which makes aerobic composting turning into anaerobic composting. When less than 15%, bacteria metabolism activity would stop universally, while when moisture is too high (over 70%), materials have low void ratio and lack of air, adverse to aerobic microorganism growth and producing foul gas. Usually, the water content of cow dung is at 75%-80%, which means it’s very necessary to add additives with strong hygroscopicity to cattle manure so as to lower its moisture.
Fermentation temperature: As one of the crucial condition for normal fermentation composting, temperature should be controlled and maintained appropriately. Different kinds of microorganism growth has various requirements for temperature, for example, the most suitable temperature of Mesophilic bacteria is 30-40 Celsius, and that of thermophile bacteria is 45-60 Celsius, while for high temperature compost, it should be controlled at 55-65 Celsius. Composting is an exothermic process, without control, it would be up to 75-80 Celsius. If too high, it would excessively consume organic matter, lowering composting product quality. It has been found that composting temperature is at least 55 Celsius and lasts for over 5 days in order to kill the colibacillus and pathogenic bacteria. To control temperature, people often uses pile-turning and forced ventilation in the production practice.

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